Historian Patricio Abinales writes that in clashes against these opposing actors, the Sakdalistas and PKP with their bolos, machetes, and homemade guns, would go up against an American-supported, well-armed Constabulary. Both groups were vocal in their opposition against the ruling elite class, which then found its representative in the Partido Nacionalista, the party of would-be presidents Manuel Quezon and Sergio Osmeña. The 1930s saw the formation and eventual merging of the proletarian groups Partido Sakdalista and the Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP), in the face of burgeoning poverty in the countryside as well as among the urban working class. “There are different definitions of Leftism around the world, based on the country’s situation, conditions, and priorities,” says Political Science Department lecturer Hansley Juliano. However, over the decades the Left has come to develop a more dynamic identity in the Philippine political consciousness. The CPP-NPA-NDFP, after all, remains to speak on behalf of peasant-based armed struggle in the country, openly espousing the Maoist rhetoric of seizure of state power through power from below. Traditionally, when one speaks of the Left, one is easily reminded of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), its armed segment, the New People’s Army (NPA), or its political arm, the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP). This year, there were four separate protests in Mendiola, each with representatives occupying a different place in the spectrum of the Philippine Left.
They all say they want contractualization to end, that they want fair wages, while calling out unfair conditions in the workplace.
They change along with the flyers and the protesters who distribute them.
On Labor Day, the banners tied to the Mendiola footbridge change multiple times.
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